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Objective·To investigate and analyze periodontal health knowledge and behaviors in medical students and the relationship of these knowledge and behaviors with periodontal health status, and to determine the periodontal health level of this population. Methods·A total of 602 medical students were included in this cross-sectional epidemiological study. The questionnaire covered sociodemographic information, periodontal health-related behaviors and knowledge, experience about themselves, and periodontal health of parents, etc. Meanwhile, periodontal health indices of index teeth were examined, including probing depth (PD), clinical attachment loss (CAL), and bleeding on probing (BOP), etc. Results·Of 570 subjects aged 16-26 who completed the survey, 79.82% never used dental floss, and 78.25% never underwent periodontal debridement. 50.25% of the index teeth had BOP, and only 0.70% of the subjects had no BOP. 81.05% of the subjects had some degree of periodontal attachment loss. Male students were more susceptible to periodontitis (P=0.027) and gingivitis (P=0.012) than female students. Conclusion·No new risk factors affecting the periodontal health are identified. Regular periodontal cleaning and protection are important for young people to prevent periodontitis.
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Objective·To isolate lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and capsular polysaccharide (CPS) from Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) and analyze their ability to induce THP-1 cells to secrete interleukin 8 (IL-8) in vitro. Methods·LPS and CPS were isolated from the polysaccharides by gel filtration chromatography, which had already been extracted from Pg ATCC33277 and SJD4. The isolated LPS and CPS from different strains were used to stimulate THP-1 cells in different doses and for different periods. The level of IL-8 in the cell culture suspension was measured by ELISA. Results·LPS and CPS were successfully separated from the polysaccharides in Pg ATCC33277 and SJD4. The relative molecular masses of LPS and CPS were 20000-50000 and 150000-500000, respectively. LPS and CPS could induce THP-1 cells to produce IL-8 in vitro in a time- and dose-dependent manner. The effect of LPS from ATCC33277 on secretion of IL-8 was greater than that of CPS with the dose of 0.1 μg/mL (P<0.05). However, the difference could only be found at 24 h in SJD4, and the effect of CPS was greater (P<0.05). Conclusion·As a component of polysaccharides extracted from Pg, CPS can induce THP-1 cells to secrete IL-8 in vitro in a time- and dose-dependent manner.
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BACKGROUND:Control of hepatic stelate cel activation and proliferation is the focus of developing strategies against liver fibrosis. Human or murine bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels can induce apoptosis of hepatic stelate cels through paracrine of hepatocyte growth factors. OBJECTIVE:To explore the mechanism by which bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels participate in apoptosis of rat hepatic stelate cels. METHODS:Hepatic stelate cels and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels were seeded and co-cultured in the upper and lower chambers in a co-culture system, serving as a co-culture group. In the blank control group, only hepatic stelate cels were involved. In the c-Met inhibitor group, hepatic stelate cels and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels were treated with 3 mg/L C-Met inhibitor. In the RhoA inhibitor group, both kinds of cels were treated with 3 mg/L RhoA inhibitor. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The concentration of c-Met inhibitor was 3.0 mg/L. RhoA inhibitor at 30μmol/L exhibited a greater inhibitory effect than at other concentrations. RhoA mRNA and protein expression in the co-culture, c-Met inhibitor and in particular RhoA inhibitor groups was obviously greater than in the blank control group. Hepatocyte growth factor concentration in each group was gradualy decreased with time, hepatocyte growth factor activator concentration in each group was gradualy increased with time, and the changes were most obvious in the c-Met inhibitor group. Apoptosis rate of hepatic stelate cels in each group was gradualy increased with time, and highest apoptosis rate appeared in the RhoA inhibitor group, and lowest apoptosis rate in the c-Met inhibitor group. These findings suggest that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels participate in and promote the apoptosis of hepatic stelate cels by activating hepatocyte growth factors and downregulating Rho activity.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the ability of the polysaccharide from various Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) type and clinical strains in inducing THP-1 cells to produce cytokines interleukin(IL)-1β, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α, in order to analyze the immunogenicity of Pg polysaccharide components and the virulence-associated factors of this periodontal pathogen.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The bacterial polysaccharide was extracted from high virulent Pg strains, W83, SJD2, SJD12 and low virulent Pg, ATCC33277, SJD4, SJD5, and SJD11 by phenol-water extraction. The extracted polysaccharide was used to stimulate the THP-1 cells with different simulation periods and doses. The level of the cytokines, including IL-1β,IL-8 and TNF-α in the cell culture suspension was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The polysaccharide extraction of Pg strains was composed of lipopolysaccharide(LPS) and capsular polysaccharide. The secretion of IL-1β, IL-8 and TNF-α, produced by the THP-1 cells showed in a time- and dose-dependent manner in the medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum. The level of these cytokines of the high virulent strains was higher than that of the low virulent strains in medium containing 1% fetal bovine serum.Four hours after stimulation with polysaccharide extracted from high virulent strains, the levels of IL-1β,IL-8, and TNF-α in the cell suspension were (1 639 ± 497), (1 648 ± 513) and (140 ± 48) µg/L, respectively, whereas for low virulent strains, the levels of IL-1β, IL-8, and TNF-α were (773 ± 382), (892 ± 400) and (67 ± 33) µg/L, respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Polysaccharide extracted from Pg could induced the THP-1 cells to secrete the cytokines of IL-1β, IL-8 and TNF-α. The level of the cytokines produced by the THP-1 cells associates with the bacterial virulent properties.</p>
Subject(s)
Cytokines , Metabolism , Interleukin-1beta , Interleukin-8 , Lipopolysaccharides , Physiology , Porphyromonas gingivalis , Metabolism , Tumor Necrosis Factor-alphaABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the capsule related surface properties of Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) isolates.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to observe the capsule structure and the capsule thickness of 2 type of strains and 5 clinical isolates. Microbial adhesion to hydrocarbons (MATH) assay was used to qualitatively assess the hydrophobicity of each strain, and the capacities of these strains were investigated by autoaggregation assay.Ninety-six well biofilm assay and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) were applied to quantify and observe the biofilm produced by each strain.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>TEM showed the variety of capsule thickness of these strains.Virulent type strain W83 possessed thicker capsular structure than less-virulent type strain ATCC33277. The SJD4 possessed thicker capsule than other clinical isolates, followed by SJD11, SJD5, SJD2, and SJD12.Strains W83, SJD4, SJD11, with thicker capsule, were much more hydrophilic with lower MATH percentage, in accordance with a slow autoaggregation in incubation during a period of 240 min. Compared with W83, the hydrophobicity of strains ATCC33277, SJD5, SJD2, and SJD12, with thinner capsule, showed increased MATH percentage and autoaggregations. All clinical strains developed biofilm with different absorbance compared with type strains. The CLSM observation showed biofilm thickness of each strain, ranged from (14.74 ± 4.99) to (24.13 ± 5.45) µm. Strain W83 and SJD11 showed notable poor biofilm formation, while others developed dense and mature biofilm.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>There was a certain degree of linkage between the Pg capsule thickness and surface properties diversity.</p>
Subject(s)
Bacterial Capsules , Biofilms , Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions , Porphyromonas gingivalis , Surface PropertiesABSTRACT
@#Injury Rehabilitation Tertiary Prevention System is important to reduce accident, implement medical emergency in time, and recover the function for the people injured in the accident.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the surgical methods and evaluate the long-term result of laryngectomy in patients with supraglottic laryngeal cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>182 patients with supraglottic laryngeal carcinoma underwent operation from 1979 to 1999, with stage I 11, stage II 45, stage III 49 and stage IV 77 lesions. The choice of surgical procedure was decided with the disease condition of the larynx. The surgical procedures proposed by TD Wang were adhered to as: minor partial laryngectomy 36, major partial laryngectomy 85, subtotal partial laryngectomy with laryngoplasty 22 and total laryngectomy 39.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The ultimate rate of larynx preservation was 78.6% (143/182) with 69.8% (88/126) in stage III and IV diseases. The decannulation rate was 81.8% in cases with preservation of laryngeal function. The overall 3- and 5-year survival rates were 82.9% and 67.3%, with 76.88% and 57.4% in the advanced (stage III and IV) cases who survived with preserved laryngeal function. They were 82.5% and 67.0% in similar advanced cases who were treated by total laryngectomy. The difference in the survival rates between these two groups was not statistically significant.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>It is suggested that preservation of the laryngeal function be possible for advanced supraglottic laryngeal carcinoma without compromising the remote survival rate. To improve the rate of larynx preservation, one should follow the surgical methods suggested.</p>